What about the process of PMAT differs in Meiosis compared to Mitosis?
Life started from the cell, with the help of jail cell sectionalization organisms tin can abound and reproduce.
The organisms with single-cell, cell reproduction happens to give life to the side by side generation, whereas in multi-celled organisms, cell division happens for reproduction as well every bit growth & replacement of worn-out cells of the trunk.
Jail cell division is a complex and multi-stage process. In eukaryotic cells, mitosis and meiosis are the two process through which new cells gets reproduced.
A similarity exists between them due to the fact of interest of diploid cells i.e. sectionalization of jail cell happens through the two sets of chromosomes but the purpose of the process is different.
Mitosis vs Meiosis
The difference between Mitosis and Meiosis tin be identified through how and what cells become reproduced.
In Mitosis, a process of asexual reproduction, a cell is divided into ii thus creating a indistinguishable, with an identical number of chromosomes in an individual produced diploid cell i.e. somatic cell.
Mitosis is essential as it replaces the damaged or dead or cells that have a limited life. Examples include skin cells, blood cells, fat cells, or any cell other than sex cells.
In Meiosis, a blazon of sexual cellular reproduction, the number of chromosomes is decreased by half within the division of homologous chromosomes, creating two haploid cells. It is responsible for genetic recombination i.e. new gene combinations.
Comparison Table Betwixt Mitosis and Meiosis (in Tabular Form)
| Parameter of Comparison | Mitosis | Meiosis |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Mitosis is an asexual cell partition procedure that occurs in all types of body cells except sex cells. | Meiosis is a sexual prison cell division process through gametogenesis that happens in meiocytes. |
| Place of Cell Division | Somatic Cells | Germ Cells |
| Cell Division | Once | Twice |
| Number of Girl Cells | Two daughter cells are reproduced. | Iv daughter cells are reproduced. |
| Reproduction Mode | Asexual Reproduction. | Sexual Reproduction. |
| Discovered By | Walther Flemming. | Oscar Hertwig. |
| Phases | One complete cycle pass-through 1. Prophase | One complete cycle laissez passer-through Meiosis Phase 1 Meiosis Phase 2 |
| Functions | Mitosis happens in cellular growth and majorly during the body healing and repairing mechanism i.due east. replacing the damaged or dead or cells that have express life. | Meiosis happens in sexual reproduction and gamete germination. This manages the maintenance of chromosomes counts i.e. a genetic diversity. |
| Mother Cells | Information technology can exist haploid or diploid. | Always diploid. |
| Prison cell Crossing Over | No` | Yes |
| Number of Chromosomes | The number remains the same. | The number reduced past half. |
What is Mitosis?
Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction of cells. In this, a nucleus of the jail cell gets divided into two i.e. daughter nuclei. The number of chromosomes in each daughter cell is equal to the parent nucleus.
Mitosis is important for eukaryote cells that are unmarried-celled and in multi-celled it performs the functions of repair mechanism and body growth. In the procedure of Mitosis, species, type of cells, identify, and temperature matters.
Mitosis was discovered past the scientist named "Walther Flemming". Information technology is also referred to every bit a continuous procedure of prison cell division.
Mitosis cycle bridge beyond four stages or phases, which are
- Prophase – It is a shorter phase where the chromosome becomes condense and thick, and the nuclear membrane disintegrates and the germination of spindle fibers starts.
- Metaphase – Here, duplicate chromatids of the chromosomes get aligned to the cell midline.
- Anaphase – In this stage, with the assist of spindle fibers, separation of each chromatid pair starts and moves towards the opposite direction to the cease of the prison cell.
- Telophase – In this phase, decondensation of the chromosomes happens. The formation of nuclear membrane and spindle fibers starts again effectually the nucleoli and the cytoplasm gets divided into two daughter cells, each having the aforementioned number of chromosomes.
Chromatids in Mitosis are thin and long.
What is Meiosis?
Meiosis is a process of prison cell division through sexual reproduction. In this, Meiosis I and Meiosis II happens where two nuclear segmentation of prison cell happens and four sex cells or haploid gametes are produced.
Each prison cell in meiosis carries a pair of chromosomes i.e. among cells a random distribution of parental and maternal chromosomes happens.
Non-identical sex cells are produced in Meiosis through two consecutive meiotic nuclear divisions i.due east. Meiosis I and Meiosis 2.
Both, Meiosis I and Meiosis II are a four-stage process that is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
Cells get duplicated in Interphase where chromosomes get condense and progress towards the opposite end and try to become paired with their homologous, during crossing over.
Post this; two cells are formed with this prison cell division. This ends the process of Meiosis I and Meiosis II go started with these newly formed cells.
These two new cells once again get separated into ii that contain the decoupled chromatids. After this, four different haploid cells are formed which are genetically different.
Chromatids in Meiosis are thick and brusque. Meiosis is an integral process for life continuity and genetic variation of living organisms. Meiosis was discovered by the scientist named "Oscar Hertwig".
Principal Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis
To summarize, the chief difference between Mitosis and Meiosis are,
- Mitosis is an asexual reproduction process, whereas Meiosis is a sexual reproduction process.
- In Mitosis, division of body cells happens, whereas in Meiosis, division of sex cells happens.
- In Mitosis, cell division happens only once, whereas, in Meiosis, division of cells happens twice.
- In Mitosis, the number of chromosomes remains the same, whereas, in Meiosis, the number of chromosomes gets reduced to one-half.
- In Mitosis, two daughter cells are reproduced, whereas, in Meiosis, four girl cells are reproduced.
- Mitosis is responsible for cellular growth and body healing or repairing mechanism i.due east. replacing the damaged or dead or cells that take express life, whereas Meiosis manages the maintenance of chromosomes counts i.due east. managing the life continuity and genetic variation of living organisms.
Conclusion
Living organisms' torso is a composite and complex system where several processes are happening. Just each procedure starts with one single input i.e. a Cell.
A prison cell is an initiator of life, where each prison cell is different and performs different task simply the main purpose is to offer growth and evolution of the torso.
Cell division is necessary for reproduction too every bit regeneration that is taken intendance of by Mitosis and Meiosis.
The difference between Mitosis and Meiosis tin can be easily made if 1 understands their process of performance.
Mitosis is responsible for correcting or repairing the genetic defects besides as replacing the damaged cells, whereas Meiosis is essential for life continuity and genetic variation of living organisms.
Both are an indispensable procedure for all living organisms, no matter minor or big.
References
- https://world wide web.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.091334
- https://www.pnas.org/content/100/i/193.short
- https://rupress.org/jcb/article-abstract/22/3/521/16380
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Source: https://askanydifference.com/mitosis-vs-meiosis-with-table/
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